Muffle furnace—used for laboratory chemical analysis, physical testing, and general heat treatment of small steel parts, including quenching, annealing, and tempering.

A muffle furnace, commonly referred to in China as an electric furnace, resistance furnace, mofu furnace, or mafu furnace, is a versatile heating device. Working Principle and Structure A muffle furnace is typically a box-shaped heating chamber with a relatively complex internal structure. The furnace chamber is constructed from stainless steel plates, forming a sealed cavity for heating and hot-air circulation; the flow of hot air within the chamber significantly enhances temperature uniformity. The agitation caused by the circulating hot air strengthens convective heat transfer and ensures even heat distribution throughout the chamber. The furnace chamber and the supporting frame are designed as separate components: the chamber rests on load-bearing rollers at the base of the frame, allowing it to slide freely back and forth, thereby accommodating thermal expansion along its length. The inner lining employs a ceramic-fiber rope sealing system, while the outer sealing is provided by silicone rubber gaskets. To extend service life, a stainless-steel water-cooling jacket is installed at the chamber opening to provide cooling. The door-locking mechanism utilizes a multi-point handwheel rotation system, enabling uniform locking around the entire perimeter of the door. In addition, the door-holding device is mounted on the end face of the furnace chamber and incorporates a movable double-hinge assembly that moves in tandem with the chamber’s longitudinal expansion, ensuring effective sealing.

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